Method of cementing cisterns or wells



(No Model.)

W. ,H. H. DAVIS. METHOD OF GEMENTING GISTERNS OB. WELLSL 110.411.981.Patented Oct. 1,1889.

Wvtmaaaeo, I .1 y" 6 UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

WILLIAM H. II. DAVIS, OF OAKFIELD, MICHIGAN.

METHOD OF CEMENTING CISTERNS OR WELLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent. No. 411,981, dated October1, 1889.

Application filed September 24, 1887. Serial No. 250,667. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. H. DAVIS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Oakfield, in the county of Kent and State of Michigan, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in the Method of BuildingCisterns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to the building of cisterns and wells; and itconsists of the process of constructing the cement Wall of a well bysuccessive steps, in filling a space between an expansible, collapsible,and forming cylinder and the earth wall with cement, then allowing saidcement to harden, and repeating the same operation with successivespaces. The means employed in performing this method are illustrated inmy application, Serial N 0. 123,704, filed March 10, 1884, and part ofthese means with some others form the subject of the claims therein.

The means employed for the performance of my process are again hereillustrated and described for the sake of convenience.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure 1 is avertical sectional view of a cistern containing myinvention. Fig. 2 is aplan view of the inside supporting-cylinder andplatform used by the operator in building the walls of the cistern, andFig. 3 is a detail view to illustrate the mode of binding the cylinderends.

Simlar letters refer to similar throughout the several views.

The cistern or well may be excavated in the ordinary manner where theearth Walls are sufficiently stable to stand without curbing.

A is a cylinder, which I make in two or more sections, with joints or mor. so constructed that the sections can be taken apart when desired.

Within the cylinder'A is the strengtheningrib F, made of five eighthssquare iron or other parts .suitable material, which entends entirelyaround the inner side of cylinder A.

Within the cylinder A is the frame composed of side pieces I I and endpieces J J. Beneath the side pieces I I are two lugs E E,

attached to cylinder A, which supportII after the bail is detached.

L L are two cross-pieces upon which are placed boards, as shown in Fig.2, for the support of the operator in building the cistern.

To the side piecesl I are attached the bails G, having a rope (I.connected with a windlass, by means of which the platform and thecylinder A are raised or lowered.

II is a cross-piece placed within the cylinder, and has at either end anadjust-able extension 2, held tothe cross-piece by a bolt n, fittinginto a slot, so that extension 2 may be pressed against the inner sideof the cylinder, in order to hold the cylinder in place. In case ofsmall cylinders the piece H is notnecessary.

Near the bottom of the cylinder A and in the inside are two metalprojections e e, so placed as to form a groove between them, into whichfits the key D. tions of the cylinders lap each other a short distance,as shown in Fig. 3, and by inserting key D into said groove-it spreadsthe sections slightly apart, acting as awedge and thereby firmly holdingthe sections of the cylinder together. The rib F is riveted to theinside of the sections A and so placed that the end of the rib on onesection passes beneath the end of the rib on the next section, and abolt a passes through the ends of the ribs, thereby bolting the ribs andattaching the sections, as shown in Fig. 2.

It not infrequently happens that the earth is so gravelly and loose thatit will readily cave in if the well or cistern is excavated to anyconsiderable depth without curbing; nor in this loose digging can it becurbed safely by simply keying the curbing against the earth wall of thewell, as much of theloose earth or gravel is thereby caused to fall inthe well when the curb is removed for the purpose of cementing. Toovercome this difficulty I use'curbingmylinders O O, excavate to thedepth of one cylinder into the gravel, and make the excavation largerthan the curbingcylinder to admit of a cement Wall between thecurbing-cylinder and the gravel wall of the well or cistern, then insertcylinder 0, bind it with clips f, and fill the space between thiscylinder and the earth wall with cement mixed well enough so that itwill run and The edges of the secshake down' to its place behind thecylinder 0 without the ordinary tamping. Thus I avoid loosening any ofthe gravel. Then, leaving the cylinder 0 in place, I excavate a littlemore than the length of another cylinder 0'. I then insert anothercylinder, so as to leave a small space between the lower end of O andthe top of 0, so as to allow the space between 0 and the earth wall tobe filled with cement, and in this way I proceed until I have passed thegravelly or loose earth. I thus make my cement wall extend downward andsave the expense of curbing, inasmuch as the cement wall acts both as acurbing and a permanent wall for the cistern or well. As fast as thecement hardens and sets the, cylinders may be removed.

o In some. cases with wells and cisternsl find 7 tween the earth walland them has hardened side cylinders are large enough to allow theforming-cylinder A to pass within them, and they are left inpositionuntil the cement be- To prevent this I less the cement wall is protecteduntil it shall have hardened and set.

Having thus described my inventiomwhat I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

The process of constructing the wall of a well by successive excavationsand cementing, consisting,first, in making a single excava tion, theninserting an expansible, reducible,

and forming cylinder in said excavation, then filling the space betweenhe Said cylin der and the earth wall with cement, then making an-,

other excavation, inserting a cylinder, and cementing as before, thuscementing. and completing the well in sections by successive downwardsteps, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signaturein presence. of two witnesses.

- WM. H. H. DAVIS.

\Vitnesses:

EDWARD TAGGART, ARTHUR C. DENISON.

